KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES OF MENSTRUAL HEALTH MANAGEMENT IN RURAL COMMUNITIES IN THE SOUTH WEST REGION, CAMEROON

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Introduction

This study explores the knowledge, attitudes, and practices surrounding menstrual health management (MHM) within a specific community. The research highlights significant gaps in understanding of the menstrual cycle, varying levels of comfort in discussing menstruation, and community treatment of menstruating women. Additionally, it examines the sources of information about MHM and the challenges faced by individuals due to menstrual issues. The study aims to identify areas where public health interventions and educational programs can improve menstrual health outcomes.

Methodology

This study employed a cross-sectional descriptive design, focusing on eleven communities within the Buea, Limbe, and Tiko health districts. A total of 2,018 participants, ranging in age from 11 to 80 years, were surveyed using a standardized questionnaire available in both English and French. The questionnaire covered topics related aspects of menstrual health, including the understanding of the menstrual cycle, attitudes towards menstruation, sources of MHM information, challenges related to menstruation related reproductive health issues. Participants were selected using consecutive sampling and a multi-stage sampling technique. Data collection occurred between March and May 2024, and the data were analysed using SPSS version 25, with results presented in frequencies and percentages. Participants' responses were analyzed to identify knowledge gaps, attitudes, and practices that influence menstrual health management within the community.

Results

The findings reveal that 32.8% of participants were unsure of the menstrual cycle's duration, indicating a significant knowledge gap. Additionally, 44.9% of participants felt very comfortable discussing menstruation, while 22.1% were uncomfortable. In terms of community treatment, 39.1% reported indifference and ignorance toward menstruating women, while 37.7% noted respectful and supportive treatment. Regarding sources of information, 46.6% of participants received MHM information from family and peers, and 26.6% reported limited access to reliable information. Additionally, 22.5% of participants reported knowing someone or personally missing school or work due to menstrual issues.

Conclusion

The study highlights critical areas for intervention, including the need for comprehensive education on the menstrual cycle and MHM practices. Improving community awareness and attitudes towards menstruation is essential for fostering a supportive environment for menstruating individuals. Enhancing access to reliable information and healthcare resources is crucial to addressing the challenges associated with menstruation. Public health initiatives should focus on culturally sensitive approaches to reduce stigma and promote positive attitudes towards menstrual health.

Keywords: Menstrual Health Management, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Menstruation, Sexual and Reproductive Health.

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